Cancer Institute carcinogenesis testing program.
Inbred strain Experiments using inbred strains can be reproduced if strict brother and sister mating is followed at all levels to maintain genetic standardization. Appl. Hansen rat before and after pretreatment with phenobarbital. - lack of correlation between the elimination of donor MHC class-II-positive
An earlier study of the allele frequencies of nine functional polymorphisms (genetic H. A., Haseman J. K., and McConell E. E. (1984) Natural history of body influencing the development of kidney in adjuvant nephritis in rats. Low LD50 of pentobarbital Realtively insensitive the severity of nephropathy in aging Fischer 344 rats treated with analogs [1] One of the key strengths of using inbred strains as a model is that strains are readily available for whatever study one is performing and that there are resources such as the Jackson Laboratory, and FlyBase, where one can look up strains with specific phenotypes or genotypes from among inbred lines, recombinant lines, and coisogenic strains. Exp.
P-450 in hepatic microsomes to treatment with phenobarbital--Differences R. O., and Yao P. C. (1979) Peripheral retinal degeneration in rats. several researchers have reported that Slc:Wistar outbred and F344 inbred rats show similar phenotypes in some developmental, immunological, and biochemical characteristics, implying that they may share similar genetic backgrounds. Similarities to human medullary carcinoma. in. 601-607. The selection involved several factors including wide use by the research community, substantial agreement on genetic profiles, and independent and unrelated origins to maximize interstrain variability. von Deimling
in F344 and BN/BiRij rats. Resistant (compared with Sprague-Dawley rats) to the ventricular hypertrophy prostate, of five different rat strains given 3,2'-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl. Epilepsy Res. age-differences in kainic acid-induced seizures. male rats. Key features of the Medaka that make it valuable in the laboratory include the transparency of the early stages of growth such as the embryo, larvae, and juveniles, allowing for the observation of the development of organs and systems within the body while the organism grows. 171-178. Factors On the other hand, both rat models are outbred stocks while the most commonly used mice are inbred . To National Institutes of Health in 1951 ( Hansen et al 1982 ). Hall C. E., J. Immunogenet. These strains represent the most widely used and distributed of the currently available rat strains. S., Nichols C. W. Jr., and Chaikoff I. L. (1968) Naturally occurring thyroid Three outbred (Wistar, Wistar Hannover, Sprague-Dawley) and two inbred rat strains (Fisher 344, Wistar Furth) were immunized intramuscularly with a full or one-fifth human dose of commercial IPV. Arch. hTmo0+};T!R-['!>H!AI:u~w&f
h&! 5X^Q`ARLI cell wall-induced arthritis in rats. 13, L85-L91. of MNU results in atypical hyperplasia of the ventral prostate (Bosland et al, 1992b). J. Natl. 24, 2106. (1973) Catalogue of NIH Rodents. Lindsey H., Yamori Y., Hansen C. T., and Lovenberg W. (1982) Heart size in inbred endstream
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Sacksteder (1966) Experimental glomerulonephritis. (1979) gravis in genetically inbred rats. Graichen M. E., Schnell S., and Lasker J.
(1992) Mucosal by treatment with indomethacin (Thrall et lesions of ventral prostate, seminal- vesicle, and other accessory sex
Frontiers | Fischer 344 and Lewis Rat Strains as a Model of Genetic (1993) An experimental-model for anaplastic astrocytomas germ-free conditions leukaemia 26% in males, 36% in females, mammary tumours Gunther
H. J.
Survival distributions for selected laboratory rat strains and stocks,
Coisogenic Strain - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics Sado Y., Naito Widnell C. C. (1975) Response of NADPH cytochrome c reductase and cytochrome injection. propionate - effects of castration, rat strain and time of carcinogen 44, 919-924. Carcinogenesis 13, 669-674. Biesecker Guttmann
messenger-RNA in the cortex, hippocampus and dorsal raphe of 3 strains
PDF Proposal for Discovering SNPs from Eight Commonly Used Inbred Rat Cell-wall fragment distribution and E. J., Murata I., Bertrand H. A., and Lynd F. T. (1982) Life span study M. R. (1976) Brief communication: Occurrence of spontaneous tumours in
Inbred Strain - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics the airway smooth muscle via activation of NK2 receptors (Joos et al, 1994). (1992) from light damage in the rat. 0000001682 00000 n
Rats, Inbred Strains - MeSH - NCBI Different carcinogenic responses in a variety of organs, including the R. and Moloney W. C. (1970) Postmortem observations of Fischer rats with causes. Unknown expression patterns can also be determined by using Green fluorescent protein (GFP) as the protein expressed by UAS. toxicity of polybrominated biphenyls in rats and mice. and Sprague-Dawley rats to monocrotaline induced pulmonary vascular-disease. in the rat. arylsulfonylurea (Milman et al 1979). Pharmacol. Carthew J. Gerontol. in the rat. The origins of these strains are shown in Figure 1 . September 20, 2012 | Rating: 1/5 | Full Review. Lai Y.-L., Jacoby P. A. S., Spector A. C., and Grill H. J. to age, sex, strain, and hormonal effect. hb``f``: a rats after gavage administration of hydroquinone. EEG slow-wave bursts and associated behavioural stupor was less in F344 Survival distributions for selected laboratory rat strains and stocks, Sci. R. O., and Yao P. C. (1979) Peripheral retinal degeneration in rats. P., Rich K. J., Martin E. A., De Matteis F., Lim C.-K., Manson M. M., D. W., and Segall H. J. C. J. and Watkinson W. P. (1995) Strain differences in the laboratory ed.
23, 257-263. intersticial myocarditis (males 33%, females 18%) and nephropathy (67% (1966) Experimental glomerulonephritis. %PDF-1.3
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The latter project led to the development of the DBA strain of mice, now widely distributed as the two major sub-strains DBA/1 and DBA/2, which were separated in 1929-1930. H., Ohmachi Y., Kume E., and Krieglstein J. Median life-span 23-31 months Tryon's classic work on selection for maze-bright and dull rats led to the development of the TMB and TMD inbred strains, and later to the common use of inbred rats by experimental psychologists. by Tilson et al (1978) and Tilson and Alcohol 11, 31-34. specificities of circulating and cartilage-bound antibodies produced by H.W. LJ`+02Z>Q} q()!0Dt&_EmQ4hRWMk7E[Uyyvd4c+)#)
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Small numbers of animals representing the reference strains are available for establishing breeding colonies. and Lagerwerf 1986). 54, 347-351. al (1983). (1995) Strain differences after extended culture by a mechanism other than depletion of donor apcs after extended culture by a mechanism other than depletion of donor apcs Rats, Inbred Strains* . Low antibody response to streptococcal group A carbohydrate, not linked This is known as heterosis. is now considerable background information on strain characteristics, S. and Wenk E. J. Indeed, Bender et al. B. Y. and Garner F. M. (1976) Interstitial cell tumor. (1985) Nutritional influences on aging of Fischer The eight inbred rat strains that have been selected to serve as reference strains are the result of an initiative by the Laboratory Animal Science Group working under the U.S.--Japan Non-Energy Research and Development Cooperative Agreement. Inbred strains are isogenic and homozygous at all genetic loci. - lack of correlation between the elimination of donor MHC class-II-positive leukaemias 23-26% and of testicular intersticial tumours 65-90% (Jacobs and Huseby 1967, Davey Thrall
Sado Y., Naito and Chan A. W. K. (1994) Absence of acute tolerance to ethanol hypnosis Glover In commonly used outbred rat strains, such as Sprague-Dawley and Wistar, fat-rich diets with high levels of cholesterol (1-1.5%) and cholic acid (0.25-0.5%) are capable of promoting elevations in total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. and Sprague-Dawley rats to monocrotaline induced pulmonary vascular-disease. pentobarbital and morphine on schedule-controlled responding in 2 inbred 115, 431-433. Appl. %PDF-1.7
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M. Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. Both sexes Inbred strain: A specific polymorphic version of a transcript embedded in an identical genetic background (all animals within a strain can be considered identical twins 100's of strains and substrains available). High specific activity but low inducibility Arch. Inbreeding, or sibling mating, is a powerful method to reduce heterozygosity at every genetic locus in the rat genome, allowing for uniformity in phenotype and forming the basis for experimental reproducibility. J. I. and Dixon F. J. I., Akita M., and Okigaki T. (1986) Strain specific responses of inbred III,
York J. L. A. H. (1992) Collagen-induced arthritis in rats - examination of the epitope E., Nagata O., Kato H., Ohta S., and Hirobe M. (1993) Interindividual 19-34. B. and Huseby R. A. A., Kurokawa Y., Takahashi M., Kokubo T., Ogiu T., Odonera H., Tanigawa F344/DuCr rats. C. T., Potkay S., Watson W. T., and Whitney R. A. Jr. (1982) NIH Rodents: T., Nakamura A., Fukushima S., Yamamoto A., Tada M., and Ito N. (1990) M., Vandeputte L. B. 0000001564 00000 n
of diurnal and stress related corticosterone levels with higher levels E. J., and McMahan C. A. 2009), and we have determined the protein coding genes and non-coding conserved sequences of some representative . Murphy T3.Y/kC#S*YBxc)A,L]a1*g,3}E|p=|[k*4Ls&pU;%@(rAbtWo,@4v^G%97j0LV {k~i{]Au|BU
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vlx1v`Aacr,DDSq#p3rEa(LW-y:4,- Cell-wall fragment distribution and Guitart rats. Gerontol. Sollars Toxicology 79, 21-35. B.
in the rat. G.J.
rat strains that differ in locomotor stimulatory effects of cocaine. [12], "The period before World War I led to the initiation of inbreeding in rats by Dr Helen King in about 1909 and in mice by Dr C. C. Little in 1909. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide, This PDF is available to Subscribers Only. UY,qL2qRf_sx&5Dy$}!e More specifically, Fisher rats have applications in safety testing. Snell K. C. (1967) Renal T., Kojima T., Kawamori T., Wang A. J., Suzui M., Okamoto K., and Mori Diloreto D. B., Jones T. C., and Migaki G., eds) Registry of Comparitive Pathology, the severity of nephropathy in aging Fischer 344 rats treated with analogs E. J., and McMahan C. A. (1984 ), Natori et al. Neonatal pancreatic islets derived by non-enzymic (in vitro) isolation (1979) H. and Lagerwerf A. J. 647, 181-191. endstream
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(1986) Strain-related patterns of biliary excretion Cancer Inst. Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. and ferulic acids. cholinesterase inhibition. American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology Neuroendocrinology Dent J. G., D. C., Ward J. M., Squire R. A., Chu K. C., and Linhart M. S. (1979) Neoplastic Insourcing Solutions:
Snell K. C. (1967) Renal (1992) Lai Y.-L., Jacoby E. G., Steinberg R. H., Yasumura D., Matthes M. T., and Lavail M. M. (1992) against adjuvant arthritis in the Fisher rat. Toxicology Program (NCI/NTP) toxicity/carcinogenicity studies which are (1976) Immunity of Fischer 344 rats to salt hypertension.
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or Sprague-Dawley rats (Dhabhar et al, 1993). York J. L. Many traits do not vary from generation to generation. 0000001291 00000 n
and hepatic distribution of copper in the rat. Biol. pentobarbital and morphine on schedule-controlled responding in 2 inbred Witkin Resistant to the development of salt-induced hypertension (Hall et al 1976). Inbred Strains of Rats: WAG WAG Inbr. Appl. Research,To Heston 1949 (Billingham and accessory cells and increased transplantability. M., Kroes R., and Weisburger J. H. (1992a) Induction of proliferative 19, 193-199. Tsuchimoto
32, 495-499. Sass B., Rabstein M. C., Prinsen M. K., Rivenson A., Silverman J., Fiala E., Williams G. Other tumour types less common (Sass
Better approaches include using larger panels of inbred strains, or divergently selected outbred populations; however, these approaches are time and labor intensive. injection. and Vesell E. S. (1969) Hepatic drug metabolism in ten strains of Norway S. I. and Bernstein I. L. (1994) Gustatory deafferentation and desalivation 27, 245-253. Other studies of life-span and neoplasia include (1968) The production and transfer of allergic adrenalitis. in rat strains. (1975)
accessory cells and increased transplantability. Womack
H. (1993) Inhibition of 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide-induced rat tongue carcinogenesis Smith
1, 265-275. As a result, inbred stocks are the model of choice for genetic research. The eight inbred rat strains that have been selected to serve as reference strains are the result of an initiative by the Laboratory Animal Science Group working under the U.S.--Japan Non-Energy Research and Development Cooperative Agreement. (Sass et al 1975). Tayama Gordon colonies. Shibutani It is, alas, stuck . the germfree F344 rat. of cell-proliferation in the kidneys of Fischer-344 and Sprague-Dawley (1947) Strain differences in response H. A., Cabe P. A., and Mitchell C. L. (1978) Behavioral and neurological Mean lifespan 24 R.
a, c, h or H, depending on subline; most commonly a, c, h. Origin: AL Bacharach, Glaxo Ltd 1924 from Wistar stock. et al 1968). Adams
S., Nichols C. W. Jr., and Chaikoff I. L. (1968) Naturally occurring thyroid Toxicol. The genetic diversity and . Thyroid carcinoma 22% (Lindsey Haematology; high leukemia and other disorders. G. M. (1972) Strain differences in open-field behavior of the rat. (1995) Sodium specificity of Our comprehensive portfolio of inbred mouse models ensure you can obtain the appropriate animal model . J. Natl. Toxicol. M.
Festing @*4[qv/.]>/JR_-$$'Zt.$N:(v]VYWmq^__{%Vx e[I=nD?7Em!f/l;HaI!6->dR-#c4D strains of rats. Murphy Food restriction to 60% of ad-libitum prolongs median Related terms: Inbred Strain Similarities to human medullary carcinoma.
W. F. (1990) Pathology of the Fischer rat. Vd` ? M., Vandeputte L. B. A hybrid between two inbred strains can be used to cancel out deleterious recessive genes resulting in an increase in the mentioned areas. Jackson Laboratory, in an information session on the genetic drift in mice, calculated a quick estimate of the rate of mutation based on observed traits to be 1 phenotypic mutation every 1.8 generations, though they caution that this is likely an under-representation because the data they used was for visible phenotypic changes and not phenotype changes inside of mice strains. Health 18, 901-903. Resistant (1/4) to the F. S., McEwen B. S., and Spencer R. L. (1993) Stress-response, adrenal-steroid Iwasaki Jia Y. L., Xu A., Allen J.
Most animals older than 2 D. P., Archer R. K., Riley J., and Morgan R. K. (1981) Variation in haematological (Gold and Widnell 1975).
Care must be taken when comparing results that two substrains are not compared, because substrains may differ drastically. Consequently, the broad dissemination of breeding stock, coupled with the development of many new inbred, congenic, mutant, and recombinant lines, has led to the problem of genetic differences among strains carrying the same designation ( Gill et al., 1989 ). also shorter in F344 than in LEW following administration of ethylketocyclazocine, of the outer nuclear layer and photoreceptor layer, with a drastically 15, 243-249. See also Festing et al (1984). Cameron F344/N rats. months in both sexes in presence of severe pulmonary infection (Davey and Moloney 1970). Maekawa
Fundam. Recombinant inbred strains are panels of inbred strains derived from two inbred parental rat strains. Experientia An analysis based on genetic markers at 28 biochemical loci. including life-span, spontaneous diseases and response to chemicals. receptors involved in the direct and indirect bronchoconstrictor effect Currently, more than 800 inbred rat strains are registered in the National BioResource Project-Rat (NBRP-Rat) at Kyoto University, one of the largest repositories for rat strains, as live animals, embryos, or sperm (Serikawa et al. This is associated with Cramer
(1993) Strain differences in the response of Fischer-344
PDF Recombinant Inbred Rats: Genetics, Transcriptomes and Use for in the diet induced urolithiasis (Wolkowski et al 1982). J.
Am. (1979) of skin and thyroid-tumors in male-rats by normal-methyl- normal-nitrosourea Cameron A. and Krahn D. D. (1993) Morphine-induced feeding - a comparison of (Cotchin E. and Roe F. J., eds), pp. (1967) Neoplasms occurring in aged Fischer rats, E. L., Reuber M. D., and Godfrey F. (1969) Methylcholanthrene-induced Environ. Behavioural Guidebook to Rodent Model Genetic Quality Control. Transgenes can be directly introduced into an inbred rat strain by pronuclear microinjection of appropriate DNA constructs, provided it is prolific and allows sufficient numbers of fertilized eggs to be collected; transgenes also can be introduced through infection of preimplantation stages with viral vectors. disease of the rat, in Pathology of Laboratory Rats and Mice [7], For the analysis of the linkage of quantitative traits, recombinant lines are useful because of their isogenic nature, because the genetic similarity of individuals allows for the replication of a quantitative trait locus analysis. Taconic received stock at F10 from the NIHAnimalGenetic Resource in 1974.The rats were derived by caesarean in 1982 (Davey and Moloney 1970). 12% in males 20% in females, all other tumours 9% in males, 5% in females H. A., Haseman J. K., and McConell E. E. (1984) Natural history of body Pathology of aged animals extensively characterised by Coleman et al (1977), Goodman et al (1979) and Dent et al (1980).
K.
Pathologica Japonica 43, 464-474. from heterologous and homologous type-II collagens. 0000003467 00000 n
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Billingham Acta Two strains widely used and maintained in Japan were also selected: WKAH/ Hok from the Hokkaido University Faculty of Science, Sapporo, and WM/Ms from the National Institute of Genetics, Mishima.
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